Basics of Pipes

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Basics of Pipes

What is Pipe:

The pipe is a cylindrical conduit or tube used to transfer fluids (e.g: liquid, gas ) or solids ( e.g: Powder, Pellets ) or semis solids ( e.g: Crude Oil ) under pressure from one point to another point.

Stresses in Pipes:

  1. Hoop stress or Cylindrical Stress
  2. Axial Stress
  3. Radial Stress

Pipes Designator:

  1. IPS (Iron Pipe Size)
  2. NPS (Nominal Pipe Size)
  3. NB (Nominal Bore)
  4. DN (Diameter Nominal)

IPS:

it is  dimensionless size designator of pipe. it represent the Inside diameter of pipe in inches.

e.g: IPS6 means Inside diameter is 6″.

NPS:

it is  dimensionless size designator of pipe. it represent the Outside diameter of pipe in inches.

e.g: NPS6 means OD of Pipe is 6.625″ or NPS14 means OD of Pipe is 14″.

NB:

it is  dimensionless size designator of pipe. it represent the Outside diameter of pipe in millimeter.

e.g: NB100 or 100NB means OD of Pipe is 114 mm.

DN:

it is  dimensionless size designator of pipe. it represent the Outside diameter of pipe in millimeter.

e.g: NB100 or 100NB means OD of Pipe is 114 mm.

it is same as NB.

Small Bore Pipe:

Pipes having Size less than NPS 2 or 40 NB is called Small Bore Pipes.

Big Bore Pipe:

Pipes having Size greater than or equal to NPS 2 or 40 NB is called Big Bore Pipes.

Pipe Wall Thickness:

Pipe wall thickness is represented in terms of Schedule Number or Pipe Weight.

Schedule No. – 5,5S,10,10S,40,40S,80,80S,160,160S

Number with S represent for stainless pipe & Number without S represent Carbon steel or Alloy Steel pipes.

Pipe Weight – STD,XS,XXS

STD means Standards Weight Thickness

XS means Extra Strong Thickness

XXS means Double Extra Strong Thickness.

This all about basics of pipes.

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Imran Pinjara

Author of Book " Master in Fabrication Layout Development " Published worldwide. Founder and CEO of Let'sFab Educational Services. More than 8 Years of Professional Experience in Field of Pressure Vessel, Heat Ex changer, Storage Tanks, Piping and other Process Equipment Fabrication Industry. He had worked in many Fabrication Industry from small workshop to MNC Company. He had Completed PGDM in Process Piping Design and Engineering as per ASME B31.3 and Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering.